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Yakovlev Yak-38 |
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Military Aircraft of the World |
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Entwicklung |
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The Yakovlev Yak-38 (NATO
reporting name: "Forger") was the Soviet Naval Aviation's only
operational VTOL strike fighter aircraft in addition to being its first
operational carrier-based fixed-wing aircraft. It was developed
specifically for, and served almost exclusively on, the Kiev-class heavy
aviation cruiser.
Designed by the A.S. Yakovlev Design Bureau JSC, the first drawings showed a supersonic aircraft strongly resembling the Hawker P.1154 in study in the United Kingdom, but with two R27-300 engines. Supersonic performances would have implied many difficulties of development, and it was decided to initially develop a relatively simple aircraft limited to Mach 0.95. The prototype VM-01 was finished on 14 April 1970. Though outwardly similar to the British Hawker Siddeley Harrier, it followed a completely different configuration. Together with a vectorable thrust engine in the rear used during flight, two smaller, and less powerful, engines were housed in the front portion of the fuselage and used purely for takeoff and landing. |
Die Yakovlev
Yak-38 (NATO-Codename: "Forger") war das einzige einsatzbereite
VTOL-Kampfflugzeug und das erste einsatzbereite Trägerflugzeug mit
Starrflügelnder der sowjetischen Marinefliegerei. Es wurde speziell für die
schweren Luftfahrtkreuzer der Kiewer Klasse entwickelt und diente fast
ausschließlich diesen. |
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Versionen |
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Yak-38 |
The Yak-38 was the first production model, 143 Yak-38 built |
Yak-38 |
Die Yak-38 war das erste Serienmodell, es wurden 143 Yak-38 gebaut |
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Yak-38M |
Upgraded version of the Yak-38 with Tumansky R-28V-300 and Rybinsk RD-38 engines. 50 built |
Yak-38M |
Verbesserte Version des Yak-38 mit Tumansky R-28V-300- und Rybinsk RD-38-Motoren. 50 gebaut |
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Yak-38U |
Two-seat training version. This version having an enlarged fuselage to accommodate a two-seat cockpit. 38 built |
Yak-38U |
Zweisitzige Trainingsversion. Diese Version hat einen vergrößerten Rumpf, um ein zweisitziges Cockpit aufzunehmen. 38 gebaut |
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279 OKShAP |
299 OKShAP | 311 OKShAP (Minsk) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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last update 2. July 2022 |
written 21. November 2019 |
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